Materials & Core Concepts
PET
Polyethylene terephthalate; common in bottles and preforms, one of the most recycled plastics.
HDPE
High-density polyethylene; used in drums, crates and rigid packaging.
LDPE
Low-density polyethylene; used in flexible products such as film, stretch wrap and bags.
PP
Polypropylene; common in injection parts and woven bags.
PVC
Polyvinyl chloride; used in rigid applications such as pipe and profile.
Resin Identification Code (1–7)
The 1–7 number inside a triangle that indicates the plastic type (PET, HDPE, PVC, LDPE, PP, PS, other).
rPET
Recycled PET; PET that has been cleaned and returned to raw-material form.
Flake
A washed, flake-shaped plastic particle; the intermediate product between washing and pelletizing.
Granule / Pellet
A homogeneous, easy-to-handle raw-material grain produced by extrusion.
Micron (µm)
One thousandth of a millimeter; the unit used to express powder fineness.
Circular Economy
A model in which waste is recovered into raw material and returned to production.
Size Reduction
Crusher / Granulator
A machine that cuts material between rotating and fixed blades and passes it through a screen to produce homogeneous flake.
Shredder
A machine that pre-breaks large, thick material at low speed and high torque.
Pulverizer / Micronizing
A machine that grinds flake or granule into fine powder at micron level.
Rotor / Stator
The rotating (rotor) and fixed (stator) blade groups in size-reduction machines.
Screen
The perforated plate beneath the rotor; it determines the size of the output flake.
In-line Crushing
Crushing integrated into the production line that instantly recovers the scrap generated.
Washing & Separation
Pre-Washing
The stage where coarse dirt, soil and foreign material are first removed.
Hot Washing
The stage where oil, adhesive and label residue are dissolved with hot water and, where needed, chemicals.
Friction Washing
Intensive washing and simultaneous dewatering through the friction of a high-speed rotor.
Intensive Washing
A deep-cleaning stage for heavily contaminated material.
Sink-Float Separation
Separation of floating (PP/PE) and sinking (PET/PVC) plastics by density difference.
Caustic (NaOH)
An alkaline agent used in hot washing to dissolve oil and adhesive.
Dewatering
Mechanical removal of surface water from washed material.
Label Remover
Separation of labels and dust from bottles and containers.
Ballistic Separator
A screening unit that separates light and heavy fractions with moving paddles.
Star Screen
A unit that screens material by size using rotating star-shaped discs.
Zig-Zag Separator
A unit that separates light film and dust from heavier parts with an upward air stream.
Extrusion & Pelletizing
Extrusion
Shaping molten plastic under pressure with a rotating screw and converting it into granules.
Agglomeration / Agglomerator
Densifying thin film and fiber with friction heat to prepare it for extrusion.
Degassing
Removing moisture and volatile gases from the melt during plastification.
Melt Filter
A unit that filters solid residues from the melt through a screen, improving granule purity.
Underwater Cutting
Cutting the melt under water to form spherical, dust-free pellets.
Line & Auxiliary Equipment
Turnkey Line
A complete line delivered from a single source and ready to run, from engineering to installation and commissioning.
Bale Opener
Loosening compressed waste bales so they can be fed into the line.
Bunker / Silo
A storage unit that buffers material and feeds the line steadily.
Conveyor
A belt or screw conveying element that moves material between stages.
Thermoform
A forming method in which a plastic sheet is heated and shaped into products by vacuum.
